A vaginal vault prolapse is a defect in the ligaments that support the top of the vagina (where the cervix and uterus used to be prior to a hysterectomy) allowing the vagina to drop down into, and possibly out.

Paravaginal defect repair is a laparoscopic procedure in which the tissue connecting the bladder to the pelvic floor is reattached.

A computer animation shows the female pelvic anatomy.

Cystocele is a defect of the anterior wall of the vagina allowing the bladder to prolapse into the vagina.

Dr. James Klosterman talks more about the top causes of osteoarthritis.

Dr. Klosterman discusses whether heredity is a cause of osteoarthritis.

Dr. Klosterman discusses whether age and osteoarthritis are related.

Dr. Michael Raab discusses diagnostic tests for arthritis.

Dr. Michael Raab discusses exercise and arthritis.

Dr. Michael Raab explains the relationship between weight loss and arthritic joints.

Dr. Michael Raab explains how anti-inflammatories are used in the treatment of arthritis.

Dr. Michael Raab discusses advancements in the treatment of arthritis.